Project report for Mustard Cultivation

Rapeseed-mustard group of crops is the major oilseed crop of India. Among the seven annual edible oilseeds cultivated in India. India is the third largest rapeseed-mustard producer in the world after China and Canada with 12 per cent of world’s total production. This crop accounts for nearly one-third of the oil produced in India, making it the country’s key edible oilseed crop. Due to the gap between domestic availability and actual consumption of edible oils, India has to resort to import of edible oils. Rapeseed-mustard is the major source of income especially even to the marginal and small farmers in rain fed areas since these crops are cultivated mainly in the rain-fed and resource scarce regions of the country, their contribution to livelihood security of the small and marginal farmers in these regions is also very important.

Mustard cultivation is a farming venture that is being taken up aggressively in the North East. It is a crop that finds its way to every kitchen, one way or the other. Some of the mustard varieties in India comprise of rapeseed, Indian mustard, black mustard, etc.  The yellow ‘sarson’ is pretty common and it is not just the mustard seeds that are utilized but this crop has a variety of other uses too. Oilseed crops play a very important role in the Indian Agricultural Economy, next only to food grains.

The global mustard market is expected to grow at a compound annual growth rate of 5.81% over the forecast period to reach a market size of INR 55500.47 Crores in 2025 from INR 39500.74 Crores in 2019. The market is currently witnessing a higher growth because of the applications of the mustard seeds that are widely used in the food and beverage industry, personal care, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industry. Furthermore, the demand for mustard seeds is expected to register significant growth due to its increasing demand for cooking and as a replacement for other cooking oils. The market is currently led by the food and beverage industry because of an increase in the demand for mustard sauce and it is followed by the cosmetics industry because of its natural properties. Sudan currently is the leading producer and exporter of mustard and it is followed by India, Ethiopia, and China. With their increasing demand, mustard has become one of the imperative commercial and cultivated crops

In India, The major commercial varieties of Mustard being cultivated in Rajasthan are BHS-1 and KOS-1 for rain fed situation while T-9 and PB-24 for the irrigated situation. In Rajasthan, Mustard is grown as a Rabi crop from September-November to February- March. The country’s mustard output is all set to be a record 10 million tons this year after the sowing area under the crop is said to have reached an all-time high of more than 25 lakh hectare as the government rolled out the oilseed mission as a pilot during 2020-21 Rabi season. This achievement may help the government to launch the oilseed mission from upcoming kharif season across the country.